South America
From TemeraireWiki
It should be noted that at this point in time the exact borders of South America are unknown - the countries listed here are speculative based on the historical equivalents. In the Temeraire series, it is known that the Incans succeeded in repelling the Spanish Conquistadors. Little else is known; hence it is unknown exactly how far the Spanish managed to colonise, and whether any other indigenous peoples managed to escape colonial rule.