Difference between revisions of "Chinese Names"
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| − | The '''Chinese names''' of various people and dragons are | + | The '''Chinese names''' of various people and dragons are presented in the books as romanized transliterations. Each syllable represents a single [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_character sinographic] word. |
| − | + | In general, traditional Chinese names consist of a single-syllable family name followed by a personal name. The personal name may consist of one or two syllables. Two-syllable personal names, especially for males, often begin with a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation_name generational indicator]. | |
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| − | In general, traditional Chinese names consist of a single- | ||
== Humans == | == Humans == | ||
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=== The Imperial family === | === The Imperial family === | ||
| − | In the case of the [[Jiaqing Emperor]], "Jiaqing" (嘉慶) is his regnal title. His two-part personal name was Yongyan; in his youth, it was written as 永琰, but upon his ascension to the throne, he changed the first | + | In the case of the [[Jiaqing Emperor]], "Jiaqing" (嘉慶) is his regnal title. His two-part personal name was Yongyan; in his youth, it was written as 永琰, but upon his ascension to the throne, he changed the first sinograph to the homonym 顒. "Yong" is the indicator for his generation of the family, as can be seen by comparison to the name of his brother [[Prince Yongxing]]. |
The emperor's sons, [[Prince Miankai]] and [[Prince Mianning]], are also referred to by two-part personal names. "Ming" is the indicator for their generation of the family. | The emperor's sons, [[Prince Miankai]] and [[Prince Mianning]], are also referred to by two-part personal names. "Ming" is the indicator for their generation of the family. | ||
== Dragons == | == Dragons == | ||
| − | Chinese dragons | + | Chinese dragons have three-part names, although the structure does not exactly mirror that of human names. |
| − | In | + | In her blog, Naomi Novik provided the following information; she linked to some specific sinographs but did not include them in her original post: |
<blockquote>All dragon names have three syllables, beginning with [http://zhongwen.com/d/192/x115.htm Lung] [龍], meaning "dragon". The second syllable denotes the breed; in the case of Celestials, [http://zhongwen.com/d/164/x209.htm Tien] [天], meaning "sky" or "heaven". The third is individual; Temeraire's name is [http://zhongwen.com/d/178/x187.htm Xiang] [祥], meaning auspicious (I am not sure this is the actual character I worked from initially, though -- it seems the closest one I could find on zhongwen.com). Another name used is [http://zhongwen.com/d/165/x254.htm Chuan] [全], meaning perfect. And [http://zhongwen.com/d/172/x252.htm Mei] [美] means beautiful.</blockquote> | <blockquote>All dragon names have three syllables, beginning with [http://zhongwen.com/d/192/x115.htm Lung] [龍], meaning "dragon". The second syllable denotes the breed; in the case of Celestials, [http://zhongwen.com/d/164/x209.htm Tien] [天], meaning "sky" or "heaven". The third is individual; Temeraire's name is [http://zhongwen.com/d/178/x187.htm Xiang] [祥], meaning auspicious (I am not sure this is the actual character I worked from initially, though -- it seems the closest one I could find on zhongwen.com). Another name used is [http://zhongwen.com/d/165/x254.htm Chuan] [全], meaning perfect. And [http://zhongwen.com/d/172/x252.htm Mei] [美] means beautiful.</blockquote> | ||
| − | Thus, for dragons, the first | + | Thus, for dragons, the first syllable is a species indicator, the second is a breed indicator, and the third is the true personal name. |
=== Breed names === | === Breed names === | ||
The breed indicator is probably the closest analogue to a human family name, especially for [[Celestial]]s which truly comprise a small and closely interrelated family. | The breed indicator is probably the closest analogue to a human family name, especially for [[Celestial]]s which truly comprise a small and closely interrelated family. | ||
| − | The ''Qin'' | + | The ''Qin'' for [[Imperial]]s is probably 秦, which was the name of the first dynasty of China. Its literal meaning is "ash tree". |
| + | |||
| + | The ''Yu'' in the name of [[Lung Yu Ping]], a [[Jade]] dragon, is probably 玉, which means "jade". | ||
| + | |||
| + | The ''Shen'' in the name of [[Shen-Lung]] "Spiritual Dragons" is probably 神, which represents a general concept of "spirit" or "consciousness". | ||
| − | The | + | The name of [[Lung Li Po]] is probably based on that of the historical Chinese (human) poet [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Po Li Po]. If so, then ''Li'' (李, "plum") may not really indicate a particular dragon breed, although it could refer to a small purple dragon breed seen several times in China. |
| − | The | + | == Transliteration/translation issues== |
| + | The transliterated names cannot be unambiguously converted back into the Chinese language to discern their "true" meanings. Chinese is a tonal language with a non-alphabetic writing system. | ||
| − | + | Without tonal markings, a single alphabetically transcribed syllable may indicate any of four different tonal phonemes; in turn, each tonal phoneme may correspond to multiple homonyms that sound exactly the same, but which are written with different sinographs. | |
| − | + | Furthermore, there are multiple systems of alphabetic romanization that represent the same sound in different ways. In a comment to Novik's post, a reader pointed out that Novik combines two inconsistent systems, using Temeraire's Chinese name as an example: "<b>Lung Tien Hsiang</b> is how the name would have been romanized in Wade-Giles. <b>Long Tian Xiang</b> is how it would be romanized in Pinyin." | |
| − | In a comment to Novik's post, a reader pointed out that Novik combines two inconsistent | ||
| − | According to other readers elsewhere, Novik oversimplifies the Wade-Giles | + | According to other readers elsewhere, Novik oversimplifies the Wade-Giles system in a way that may affect the intended pronunciations. |
== References== | == References== | ||
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[[Category:A-Z]] | [[Category:A-Z]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Meta]] | ||
Revision as of 03:24, 13 August 2010
The Chinese names of various people and dragons are presented in the books as romanized transliterations. Each syllable represents a single sinographic word.
In general, traditional Chinese names consist of a single-syllable family name followed by a personal name. The personal name may consist of one or two syllables. Two-syllable personal names, especially for males, often begin with a generational indicator.
Contents
Humans
Outside the Imperial family, the Chinese names of humans are often given in a two-part format. It is unclear whether this represents a two-part personal name, or a family name followed by a one-part (or truncated) personal name.
The Imperial family
In the case of the Jiaqing Emperor, "Jiaqing" (嘉慶) is his regnal title. His two-part personal name was Yongyan; in his youth, it was written as 永琰, but upon his ascension to the throne, he changed the first sinograph to the homonym 顒. "Yong" is the indicator for his generation of the family, as can be seen by comparison to the name of his brother Prince Yongxing.
The emperor's sons, Prince Miankai and Prince Mianning, are also referred to by two-part personal names. "Ming" is the indicator for their generation of the family.
Dragons
Chinese dragons have three-part names, although the structure does not exactly mirror that of human names.
In her blog, Naomi Novik provided the following information; she linked to some specific sinographs but did not include them in her original post:
All dragon names have three syllables, beginning with Lung [龍], meaning "dragon". The second syllable denotes the breed; in the case of Celestials, Tien [天], meaning "sky" or "heaven". The third is individual; Temeraire's name is Xiang [祥], meaning auspicious (I am not sure this is the actual character I worked from initially, though -- it seems the closest one I could find on zhongwen.com). Another name used is Chuan [全], meaning perfect. And Mei [美] means beautiful.
Thus, for dragons, the first syllable is a species indicator, the second is a breed indicator, and the third is the true personal name.
Breed names
The breed indicator is probably the closest analogue to a human family name, especially for Celestials which truly comprise a small and closely interrelated family.
The Qin for Imperials is probably 秦, which was the name of the first dynasty of China. Its literal meaning is "ash tree".
The Yu in the name of Lung Yu Ping, a Jade dragon, is probably 玉, which means "jade".
The Shen in the name of Shen-Lung "Spiritual Dragons" is probably 神, which represents a general concept of "spirit" or "consciousness".
The name of Lung Li Po is probably based on that of the historical Chinese (human) poet Li Po. If so, then Li (李, "plum") may not really indicate a particular dragon breed, although it could refer to a small purple dragon breed seen several times in China.
Transliteration/translation issues
The transliterated names cannot be unambiguously converted back into the Chinese language to discern their "true" meanings. Chinese is a tonal language with a non-alphabetic writing system.
Without tonal markings, a single alphabetically transcribed syllable may indicate any of four different tonal phonemes; in turn, each tonal phoneme may correspond to multiple homonyms that sound exactly the same, but which are written with different sinographs.
Furthermore, there are multiple systems of alphabetic romanization that represent the same sound in different ways. In a comment to Novik's post, a reader pointed out that Novik combines two inconsistent systems, using Temeraire's Chinese name as an example: "Lung Tien Hsiang is how the name would have been romanized in Wade-Giles. Long Tian Xiang is how it would be romanized in Pinyin."
According to other readers elsewhere, Novik oversimplifies the Wade-Giles system in a way that may affect the intended pronunciations.
References
Source for intended meanings: [1] "Temeraire: Feast or Famine; also, a bunch of questions answered"
Source for romanization issues: [2] [3]
Sources for translations:
